When the money supply decreases, what typically increases?

When the money supply decreases, interest rates typically increase due to the basic principles of supply and demand in the financial markets. A reduced money supply means that there is less money available for banks and financial institutions to lend out. As access to money becomes more limited, the cost of borrowing that money, represented by interest rates, tends to rise.

Higher interest rates can influence various aspects of the economy, such as consumer spending and investment. For example, as borrowing becomes more expensive, consumers may pull back on spending, and businesses might delay or scale back investment in new projects or expansion. This can lead to a broader economic slowdown.

Thus, the relationship between money supply and interest rates is central to understanding economic dynamics, and when the money supply decreases, it naturally results in an uptick in interest rates.